> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.imdcinsights.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.imdcinsights.com/ying-yong-zhong-xin/ke-hu-cheng-gong/magento-kuai-su-ru-men.md). # Magento快速入门 ![](https://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magentogui-websoft9.png) 部署 Websoft9 提供的 Magento 之后，需完成如下的准备工作： ### 准备[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87) 1. 在云控制台获取您的 **服务器公网IP地址** 2. 在云控制台安全组中，确保 **Inbound（入）规则** 下的 **TCP:80** 端口已经开启 3. 在服务器中查看 Magento 的 **默认账号和密码** 4. 若想用域名访问 Magento **域名五步设置** 过程 ### Magento 初始化向导[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#magento-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%90%91%E5%AF%BC) #### 详细步骤[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#%E8%AF%A6%E7%BB%86%E6%AD%A5%E9%AA%A4) Magento 最新版本已经采用命令行完成了安装向导，即可直接使用： 1. 使用本地电脑浏览器访问网址：[http://域名](http://xn--eqrt2g/) 或 [http://服务器公网IP](http://xn--ip-xz4cu9bf8io83arv1b/), 可以直接进入商城首页\ ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-mall-websoft9.png) 2. 访问网址：[*http://域名/admin*](http://xn--eqrt2g/admin) 或 \*[http://服务器公网IP/admin\*，进入后台登陆页面](http://xn--ip-xz4cu9bf8io83arv1b/admin*%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%9B%E5%85%A5%E5%90%8E%E5%8F%B0%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2)\ ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-login-websoft9.png) 3. 输入用户名和密码获取解锁密码，登录到 Magento 后台管理界面\ ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-backend-websoft9.png) > 需要了解更多 Magento 的使用，请参考官方文档：[Magento 用户文档中心](https://magento.com/resources/technical) #### 出现问题？[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#%E5%87%BA%E7%8E%B0%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98) 若碰到问题，请第一时刻联系 **技术支持**。也可以先参考下面列出的问题定位或 **FAQ** 尝试快速解决问题： **想将 Magento 默认的 MySQL 数据库更换为自己的 RDS？** 执行下面命令可以更换 Magento 所使用的数据库 ``` magento setup:config:set --db-host=DB-HOST --db-name=DB-NAME --db-user=DB-USER --db-engine=DB-ENGINE --db-password=DB-PASSWORD ``` ### Magento 使用入门[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#magento-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8) 下面以 **使用 Magento 构建在线商城** 作为一个任务，帮助用户快速入门： ### Magento 常用操作[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#magento-%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C) #### 安装插件[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#installplugin) 建议通过 Magento 后台在线安装扩展： 1. 确保你的 Magento 已经[连接到官方的 Marketplace](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#marketplace) 2. 在 Marketplace 找到您需要的扩展或主题，购买完成，点击【Install】 3. 登录 Magento 后台，打开：【SYSTEM】>【Web Setup Wizard】>【System Configration】 4. 在左侧菜单栏选择【EXTENSION MANAGER】，单击【Refresh】 将购买信息同步到网站，然后通过【Review and Install】查看 ![](https://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-theme-1-websoft9.png) > Refresh 可能会出现同步失败，请多次刷新 5. 在列表内选择插件或主题，即可进行安装 6. 安装时会进行系统环境检查，条件全面满足才可以开始安装 7. 安装过程时间较长且报错，请查看故障原因 #### 连接 Magento Marketplace[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#marketplace) 安装 Magento 后，建议把你安装的 Magento 系统与 Magento 官方的 Marketplace 资源进行在线连接，这样便可以使用 Marketplace 上的大量资源 ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-setuptools-websoft9.png) 1. 到官方 [注册 Magento 账号](https://account.magento.com/applications/customer/login) 2. 登录 Marketplace，打到My Profile 的 Access Keys 页面新建一个自己的 Access Key; ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-smtp-1-websoft9.png) 3. 保存 Access Key\ ![](http://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-savemykey-websoft9.png) 4. 进入 Magento 容器的网站根目录，将 key 复制到 auth.json.example,并重命名为 auth.json ``` { "http-basic": { "repo.magento.com": { "username": "", "password": "" } } } ``` 5. 连接后，就可以很方便的使用 Marketplace 上的资源 #### 安装中文包[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#setlanguage) 中文包 zh\_Hans\_CN 已经存在 Magento 多语言目录中 需要启用中文方法如下： 1. 网页后台设置中文：在管理员页面右上角点击你的账户 Account Setting > Interface Local 中设置 Interface Local 为Chinese（China） 2. 网页前台设置中文： * 安装前台语言包： ``` docker exec -it magento bash #进入Magento容器 cd /bitnami/magento/ php bin/magento config:set --scope=stores --scope-code=default general/locale/code zh_Hans_CN php bin/magento cache:clean php bin/magento cache:flush ``` * 进入到Magento管理员界面，后台 Stores > Configuration > General > Local 中设置Local为Chinese(China) #### 刷新缓存[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#%E5%88%B7%E6%96%B0%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98) Cache（缓存）是 Magento 的一项重要设置： 1. 登录 Magento 后台，依次打开：【System】>【Tools】> 【Cache Management】 2. 选择需要刷新的缓存 3. 点击【Flush Magento Cache】和【Flush Cache Storage】开始刷新 ![](https://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-flushcache-websoft9.png) 4. 也可以取消一些页面的缓存设置 ![](https://libs.websoft9.com/Websoft9/DocsPicture/zh/magento/magento-dscache-websoft9.png) #### 配置 SMTP[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#smtp) 请参照官方的 [SMTP 配置方案](https://experienceleague.adobe.com/zh-hans/docs/commerce-admin/systems/communications/email-communications) #### 域名额外配置（修改 URL）[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#dns) **域名五步设置** 完成后，需设置 Magento URL: 通过SSH连接云服务器，运行下面的 CLI 命令进行参数配置 ``` docker exec -it magento bash #进入Magento容器 cd /bitnami/magento php bin/magento config:set web/unsecure/base_url http://www.mydomain.com/ # 修改成您的实际域名，必须以 / 结束 php bin/magento config:set web/secure/base_url http://www.mydomain.com/ # 修改成您的实际域名，必须以 / 结束 ``` #### HTTPS 额外设置[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#https) **标准 HTTPS 配置** 完成后，还需运行下面的 CLI 命令进行配置： ``` docker exec -it magento bash #进入Magento容器 cd /bitnami/magento/ php bin/magento setup:store-config:set --use-secure=1 --use-secure-admin=1 --base-url-secure="https://www.yourdomain.com/" php bin/magento cache:flush #将基础URL更改为https并刷新缓存 ``` ### 参数[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#parameter) Magento 应用中包含 Nginx, Docker, MySQL, phpMyAdmin, Varnish, RabbitMQ, Elasticsearch等组件，可通过 **通用参数表** 查看路径、服务、端口等参数。 通过运行`docker ps`，可以查看到 Magento 运行时所有的 运行时所有的服务组件： ``` CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0cb53e8158c3 bitnami/magento:latest "/opt/bitnami/script…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 8080/tcp, 8443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9001->80/tcp, :::9001->80/tcp magento 99a9a1e1e20d bitnami/elasticsearch:7 "/opt/bitnami/script…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 9200/tcp, 9300/tcp magento-elasticsearch 09b196940f88 bitnami/mariadb:10.4 "/opt/bitnami/script…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 3306/tcp magento-db ``` #### 路径[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#path) Magento 配置文件目录 */data/apps/magento*\ Magento 数据目录： */data/apps/magento/data* #### 端口[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#port) 无特殊端口 #### 版本[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#version) ``` sudo docker exec -it magento magento -V ``` #### 服务[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#service) ``` systemctl start | stop | restart | status magento systemctl start | stop | restart | status magento-elasticsearch systemctl start | stop | restart | status magento-db ``` #### 命令行[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#cli) ``` $ sudo docker exec -it magento magento list Magento CLI 2.4.2 Usage: command [options] [arguments] Options: -h, --help Display this help message -q, --quiet Do not output any message -V, --version Display this application version --ansi Force ANSI output --no-ansi Disable ANSI output -n, --no-interaction Do not ask any interactive question -v|vv|vvv, --verbose Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug Available commands: help Displays help for a command list Lists commands admin admin:user:create Creates an administrator admin:user:unlock Unlock Admin Account app app:config:dump Create dump of application app:config:import Import data from shared configuration files to appropriate data storage app:config:status Checks if config propagation requires update braintree braintree:migrate Migrate stored cards from a Magento 1 database cache cache:clean Cleans cache type(s) cache:disable Disables cache type(s) cache:enable Enables cache type(s) cache:flush Flushes cache storage used by cache type(s) cache:status Checks cache status catalog catalog:images:resize Creates resized product images catalog:product:attributes:cleanup Removes unused product attributes. cms cms:wysiwyg:restrict Set whether to enforce user HTML content validation or show a warning instead config config:sensitive:set Set sensitive configuration values config:set Change system configuration config:show Shows configuration value for given path. If path is not specified, all saved values will be shown cron cron:install Generates and installs crontab for current user cron:remove Removes tasks from crontab cron:run Runs jobs by schedule customer customer:hash:upgrade Upgrade customer's hash according to the latest algorithm deploy deploy:mode:set Set application mode. deploy:mode:show Displays current application mode. dev dev:di:info Provides information on Dependency Injection configuration for the Command. dev:profiler:disable Disable the profiler. dev:profiler:enable Enable the profiler. dev:query-log:disable Disable DB query logging dev:query-log:enable Enable DB query logging dev:source-theme:deploy Collects and publishes source files for theme. dev:template-hints:disable Disable frontend template hints. A cache flush might be required. dev:template-hints:enable Enable frontend template hints. A cache flush might be required. dev:template-hints:status Show frontend template hints status. dev:tests:run Runs tests dev:urn-catalog:generate Generates the catalog of URNs to *.xsd mappings for the IDE to highlight xml. dev:xml:convert Converts XML file using XSL style sheets dotdigital dotdigital:connector:automap Auto-map data fields dotdigital:connector:enable Add Dotdigital API credentials and enable the connector dotdigital:migrate Migrate data into email_ tables to sync with Engagement Cloud dotdigital:sync Run syncs to populate email_ tables before importing to Engagement Cloud dotdigital:task Run dotdigital module tasks on demand downloadable downloadable:domains:add Add domains to the downloadable domains whitelist downloadable:domains:remove Remove domains from the downloadable domains whitelist downloadable:domains:show Display downloadable domains whitelist encryption encryption:payment-data:update Re-encrypts encrypted credit card data with latest encryption cipher. i18n i18n:collect-phrases Discovers phrases in the codebase i18n:pack Saves language package i18n:uninstall Uninstalls language packages indexer indexer:info Shows allowed Indexers indexer:reindex Reindexes Data indexer:reset Resets indexer status to invalid indexer:set-dimensions-mode Set Indexer Dimensions Mode indexer:set-mode Sets index mode type indexer:show-dimensions-mode Shows Indexer Dimension Mode indexer:show-mode Shows Index Mode indexer:status Shows status of Indexer info info:adminuri Displays the Magento Admin URI info:backups:list Prints list of available backup files info:currency:list Displays the list of available currencies info:dependencies:show-framework Shows number of dependencies on Magento framework info:dependencies:show-modules Shows number of dependencies between modules info:dependencies:show-modules-circular Shows number of circular dependencies between modules info:language:list Displays the list of available language locales info:timezone:list Displays the list of available timezones inventory inventory:reservation:create-compensations Create reservations by provided compensation arguments inventory:reservation:list-inconsistencies Show all orders and products with salable quantity inconsistencies inventory-geonames inventory-geonames:import Download and import geo names for source selection algorithm maintenance maintenance:allow-ips Sets maintenance mode exempt IPs maintenance:disable Disables maintenance mode maintenance:enable Enables maintenance mode maintenance:status Displays maintenance mode status media-content media-content:sync Synchronize content with assets media-gallery media-gallery:sync Synchronize media storage and media assets in the database module module:config:status Checks the modules configuration in the 'app/etc/config.php' file and reports if they are up to date or not module:disable Disables specified modules module:enable Enables specified modules module:status Displays status of modules module:uninstall Uninstalls modules installed by composer newrelic newrelic:create:deploy-marker Check the deploy queue for entries and create an appropriate deploy marker. queue queue:consumers:list List of MessageQueue consumers queue:consumers:start Start MessageQueue consumer remote-storage remote-storage:sync Synchronize media files with remote storage. sampledata sampledata:deploy Deploy sample data modules for composer-based Magento installations sampledata:remove Remove all sample data packages from composer.json sampledata:reset Reset all sample data modules for re-installation security security:recaptcha:disable-for-user-forgot-password Disable reCAPTCHA for admin user forgot password form security:recaptcha:disable-for-user-login Disable reCAPTCHA for admin user login form security:tfa:google:set-secret Set the secret used for Google OTP generation. security:tfa:providers List all available providers security:tfa:reset Reset configuration for one user setup setup:backup Takes backup of Magento Application code base, media and database setup:config:set Creates or modifies the deployment configuration setup:db-data:upgrade Installs and upgrades data in the DB setup:db-declaration:generate-patch Generate patch and put it in specific folder. setup:db-declaration:generate-whitelist Generate whitelist of tables and columns that are allowed to be edited by declaration installer setup:db-schema:upgrade Installs and upgrades the DB schema setup:db:status Checks if DB schema or data requires upgrade setup:di:compile Generates DI configuration and all missing classes that can be auto-generated setup:install Installs the Magento application setup:performance:generate-fixtures Generates fixtures setup:rollback Rolls back Magento Application codebase, media and database setup:static-content:deploy Deploys static view files setup:store-config:set Installs the store configuration. Deprecated since 2.2.0. Use config:set instead setup:uninstall Uninstalls the Magento application setup:upgrade Upgrades the Magento application, DB data, and schema store store:list Displays the list of stores store:website:list Displays the list of websites theme theme:uninstall Uninstalls theme varnish varnish:vcl:generate Generates Varnish VCL and echos it to the command line yotpo yotpo:reset Reset Yotpo sync flags &/or configurations yotpo:sync Sync Yotpo manually (reviews module) yotpo:update-metadata Manually send platform metadata to Yotpo ``` #### API[​](https://support.websoft9.com/docs/magento#api) Magento API 支持 REST（表述性状态传递）和 SOAP（简单对象访问协议）。 在 Magento 2 中，REST 和 SOAP 的 Web API 覆盖范围是相同的。 参考[官方文档](https://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.2/get-started/bk-get-started-api.html)